Which of the following is the primary argument against Affirmative Action? It discriminates against African-Americans. It discriminates against white Americans. It discriminates against Hispanic Americans. It discriminates against women.

the argument that they make is affirmative action goes against the Constitution.

affirmative action gives a certain advantage to the minority groups in some recruitment process. The critics of affirmative actions argued that favoring a certain social group is contradicting constitution who guarantee equal treatment for all citizens.  

Explanation:

whole lotta ptsd going on

booker t. washington was an educator who established the tuskegee institute. washington argued that african americans should learn trades that would offer them the opportunity to be progressive citizens. instead of fighting against discrimination, washington argued that african americans should use their education and knowledge to become self-sufficient in american society and not in competition with white americans.

w.e.b du bois was the founder of the niagara movement and later the naacp, du bois disagreed with washington. he argued that african americans should consistently fight for racial equality.

ida b. wells was a journalist who wrote about the horrors of lynching in the south. wells work could be considered muckraking as it led to the development of the anti-lynching campaign.