What is the name of this definition: “It punishes for something that was not illegal when it was done”?

By the end of the 1800s, there was a change in the nature of the immigrants coming to the united states. immigration from northern europe—england, ireland, germany, and scandinavia—declined, while immigration from italy, russia, and austria-hungary grew. in fact, between 1900 and 1910, more than three-fourths of all immigrants came from these three countries. unfortunately, these countries were far removed england, the home of our founders, and the immigrants who came from them had a hard time adjusting to life in their new country.

The county could deny african americans the right to attend white schools on the basis of

While many russian soldiers were on the front during world war 1 most of these who remained behind responded to the february resolution by