13. What do UDF and COSATU stand for? What significance do these organizations hold in the apartheid movement?

United Democratic Front (UDF). Congress of South African Trade Unions.

The UDF was an umbrella organization that had a "federal structure" and a decentralized method of employing tactics. By 1986, there were 700 different organizations working under the umbrella which were often youth movements, community organizations, unions, professional societies and churches. Eventually there would be nearly "1,000 affiliated groups." UDF embraced a philosophy of "African nationalism, socialism and Christianity." The common goal of ending apartheid and systematic racism in all.

Cosatu: The Congress of South African Trade Unions (Cosatu) was launched on 1 December 1985, at the height of the struggle against apartheid. As a federation, it brought together many of the unions formed after the wave of strikes at the beginning of 1973 to end it.

where is the section with the question?

question 10: the answer is c, to their constituents address a problem.

question 11: i think it would be domestic bills, which deal with american issues only and public bills, which affect the whole nation.