Refer to the two passages. Source 1

"‘Whatever happens,’ the immigrant argues to himself, ‘I shall not actually starve.’ He proceeds on his journey, notices and warnings notwithstanding, and in due time arrives here, one more unit to intensify the awful struggle for existence which is daily and hourly going on among thousands in London and our large provincial cities.

What, then, is the remedy?

The answer is simple. In the words of the Select Committee upon Immigration—‘It is clear that the only way effectually to check the immigration of foreign paupers is to stop them at the port of arrival.’ This is the course adopted in the United States and in Germany. The police regulations at Hamburg are to the effect that no person without means is allowed to land at that port; and if found to have been taken there and landed, the captain of the vessel in which the person sailed, is liable to a penalty of 300 marks. . . . As we have already seen, in the United States and our principal colonies, similar laws exist to forbid the landing of destitute and undesirable aliens, while other European countries have also taken steps to guard themselves against them.”

British author W. H. Wilkins, writing as secretary to the Association for Preventing the Immigration of Destitute Aliens, in The Alien Invasion, 1892

Source 2

"Where the lowest class barely lives, as has been the case for a long time in many parts of Europe, it is impossible for it to get any lower, for the next lowest step is out of existence. . . . But in the progress of new settlements to the conditions of older communities it may clearly be seen that material progress does not merely fail to relieve poverty—it actually produces it. In the United States it is clear that squalor and misery, and the vices and crimes that spring from them, everywhere increase as the village grows to the city, and the march of development brings the advantages of the improved methods of production and exchange. It is in the older and richer sections of the Union that pauperism and distress among the working classes are becoming most painfully apparent. If there is less deep poverty in San Francisco than in New York, is it not because San Francisco is yet behind New York in all that both cities are striving for? When San Francisco reaches the point where New York now is, who can doubt that there will also be ragged and barefooted children on her streets?”

Progressive author Henry George, writing in Progress and Poverty, 1898

How did working-class people use Progressive ideas to respond to the degradations they faced in industrial society?

They established religious communes that promoted temperance.
They created monopolies in industries by pooling their capital resources.
They constructed public libraries and schools through philanthropic campaigns.
They created trade unions to strengthen their collective bargaining efforts with industries.