Why did the shogunate dictate such strict policies towards Japanese traveling abroad

Sakoku (鎖国, "closed country") was the isolationist foreign policy of the Japanese Tokugawa shogunate (aka Bakufu) under which, for a period of 214 years, relations and trade between Japan and other countries were severely limited, nearly all foreign nationals were barred from entering Japan and common Japanese people

Explanation:

d. it adversely affected american productivity

the nationalists wanted a strong central government so the new country wouldn't fall apart.

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