Leonardo da Vinci questions 1. As an apprentice, Leonardo worked on a number of paintings with others. How do experts recognize his work in “Tobias and the Angel”?

2. What is “chiaroscuro”?

3. What is the only work of da Vinci’s in an American museum? (Ginevra) Who was she?

4. What is wrong with da Vinci’s painting of The Last Supper?

5. What did Leonardo do for Duke Lodovica Sforza, besides painting?

6. What example was given of the great power of the Medici?

7. How did Leonardo write most of his journals and notebooks? Why do you think he did this

2. Chiaroscuro, in art, is the use of strong contrasts between light and dark, usually bold contrasts affecting a whole composition. It is also a technical term used by artists and art historians for the use of contrasts of light to achieve a sense of volume in modelling three-dimensional objects and figures.

3. When it came time to plan an elaborate wedding ceremony for his son, according to National Gallery of Art curator David Alan Brown, he couldn't do so without selling one of the family's many artistic treasures: Leonardo da Vinci's “Ginevra de' Benci,” a 15th-century portrait that museum curators had eyed for years.

Ginevra de' Benci, a well-known young Florentine woman, is universally considered to be the portrait's sitter. Leonardo painted the portrait in Florence between 1474 and 1478, possibly to commemorate Ginevra's marriage to Luigi di Bernardo Niccolini at the age of 16. More likely, it commemorates the engagement.

4. "Last Supper" is a failed experiment.

The experiment proved unsuccessful, however, because the paint did not adhere properly and began to flake away only a few decades after the work was finished.

5. The Duke kept Leonardo busy painting and sculpting and designing elaborate court festivals, but he also put Leonardo to work designing weapons, buildings and machinery.

7. Da Vinci is believed to have started recording his thoughts in notebooks during the 1480s while he was a military and naval engineer for the Duke of Milan. The writing included in the notebooks was produced in 16th-century Italian “mirror-writing,” which one reads right to left.

He was hiding his scientific ideas from the powerful Roman Catholic Church, whose teachings sometimes disagreed with what Leonardo observed. He was trying to prevent smudging: writing left handed from left to right was messy, the ink just put down would smear as his hand moved across it.

the exact role and status of women in the roman world, and indeed in most ancient societies, has often been obscured by the biases of both ancient male writers and 19-20th century ce male scholars, a situation only relatively recently redressed by modern scholarship which has sought to more objectively assess women's status, rights, duties, representation in the arts, and daily lives; and all this from almost exclusively male source material dealing with a male-dominated roman world.

women in mythology

unlike some other ancient cultures such as the greeks who had formed a creation myth where woman was a creature secondary to man and, more specifically, in the form of pandora, a bringer of unhappiness and vices, the romans had a more neutral approach where humanity, and not specifically the male, was created by the gods from earth and water. ovid's metamorphoses, for example, does not specify whether the first human was a man or a woman. at least in a physical sense then men and women were not regarded as belonging to a different species as in the greek world, a view often reiterated in roman medical treatises.

more than 65,000 union soldiers had been killed that summer.

more than 65,000 union soldiers had been killed that summer.

more than 65, is the correct