Prior to the development of interchangeable parts, the French led the world in the Industrial Revolution. components in manufactured goods were custom made. most parts were made in American factories in the South. all harvesting and other agricultural work was done by hand.

The transcontinental railroad provided a means of fast transportation. it cut a 6 month trip into 6 days, created jobs for many people and encouraged immigration. the homestead act played a huge role in western expansion; it allowed settlers to begin a fresh start, and gave them land in exchange for their residence for up to five years and a small fee.