Nebuchadnezzar and the Neo-Babylonians, other than the study of the stars and development of math, are best known for what?

Architecture or construction of hanging gardens.

Explanation:

The ruler of the Babylonian Empire, Nebuchadnezzar, left an indelible mark on ancient history. In addition to astronomy and mathematics achievements during his reign, the so-called Hanging Gardens were built, which belong to one of the world's seven ancient wonders. The gardens were built around 600 BC. Hundreds of slaves worked in the garden, bringing fresh water from the Euphrates daily using an ancient water pump system.

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