1. Many political units in Africa were organized on the basis of kinship into 2. Mansa Musa was an important leader in the Empire.
3. Alfonso I converted to
in the Kingdom of Kongo.
4. While Islam and Christianity played important roles in many societies in Africa,
continued to be important for many ordinary people.
5. An example of an object that might seem ordinary to a European viewer but was
considered to be a gateway to the spiritual world is alan
6. Some Christian art objects that African artists created were censers, and icons.
7. The city of was a center for learning about Muslim beliefs.
8. Christian influence in Mbanza Kongo is clear to historians because of the number of
built in the city in a European style.

mini states

mali

christianity

animism

chair/stool

crosses

timbuktu

churches

Explanation:

mini-states

Mali

Christianity

animism

chair; stool

crosses

Timbuktu

churches

Answers may vary. A good answer would include 3–4 specific examples drawn from the reading materials. For example, one major difference is the centrality of increasing literacy during the early modern period in Europe, which historians know from the importance reformers placed on translating the Bible into languages people spoke rather than Latin. In early modern Africa, literacy was much less widespread, which scholars know from the lack of written sources that aren't European. A similarity is the emphasis placed on building long-distance trade networks. African societies had well-developed trade networks that Europeans were also interested in profiting from.

Answers may vary. A good answer would identify a specific object in the African collection with a link to the object, then describe in detail what you see. You can describe what the object is made of, how it's made, its colors, and what it might have been used for. All of these features can give you clues as to how the object might have played a role in the culture.

Explanation:

PF

the reform movements that arose during the antebellum period in america focused on specific issues: temperance, abolishing imprisonment for debt, pacifism, antislavery, abolishing capital punishment, amelioration of prison conditions (with prison's purpose reconceived as rehabilitation rather than punishment), the humane treatment of animals, the humane and just treatment of native americans, the establishment of public institutions for the care of the destitute, orphans, blind, and mentally ill, the establishment of public schools, the abolition of tobacco use, vegetarianism, health reform, homeopathic medicine, woman's rights (including, at first, especially the establishment of a woman's right to own property apart from her husband and her right to sue for divorce), and the amelioration of labor conditions (including higher pay, the right to form unions, the right to strike, and the demand for limits on the number of work hours, and safe working conditions).

explanation: