A social gathering of intellectuals and artists, like those held in the homes of wealthy women in Paris and other European cities, during the Enlightenment.

Salon.

Explanation:

A salon, during the Enlightenment period, is defined as a social gathering of intellects. A salon was created in China that crossed the borders and were prevalent in France during the 17th and 18th century. A salon was a place of gathering for intellects, social, cultural, politics, and ellites. People used to gather for exchanging of thoughts, ideas, etc.

Therefore the correct answer is salons.

the roman army grew in size and became dominant in the mediterranean region.