What two reasons Europeans had increased contact with the Muslim world during the Middle Ages?

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Europe and the Islamic World, 1600–1800. At the beginning of this period, the European presence in the Islamic world was largely based on trade. Dutch, French, English, and Portuguese merchants first arrived in the late fifteenth century, attracted by the wealth that could be acquired in exporting luxury items to the European market, and encouraged by the Mughal and Safavid governments

Explanation:

the answer would be choice c, cave paintings.