What technologies did this spain and portugal utilize or develop to establish and maintain their sea-based empire?"

it was the first amendment

a yes vote means: the legislature, with a two-thirds vote, could change daylight saving time if the change is allowed by the federal government. absent any legislative change, california would maintain its current daylight saving time period

result of the incas claiming exclusive right over numerous traditional routes, some of which had been constructed centuries earlier mostly by the wari empire

male citizens in athens could vote on all the decisions that affected the city and serve on juries. however, democracy was not open to everyone. citizen women and children were not allowed to vote. slaves and foreigners living in athens (known as metics) were banned from participating in government.