1. Define polis, acropolis, agora, hoplite,
phalanx, democracy, oligarchy, helot,
ephor

Polis was a city state in ancient Greece, it was sort of where philosophy was invented. The literal meaning of the word 'polis' translated to english is 'city'

Acropolis is a structure in ancient greece, typically built on a hill, and heavily fortified.

Agora is an open public space that was usually used for gatherings and markets in ancient greece.

Hoplite is a foot soldier of ancient greece. They bore heavy shields and spears. You've probably seen cartoons and movies with them in it. They had the red feather mohawk on their helmets. They had a very unique fighting style, they'd line up in rows, put their sheild in front of them, and stick the spear upward and out in front, then they'd charge at the enemy. It worked pretty well for them, and it is still used today, not in war, but police use it.

Phalanx is essentially what I explained above about the ancient greek fighting style. The phalanx is the formation the greeks took up in battles, one big mass of heavily armed hoplites.

Democracy was, I believe, invented by the greeks, I forget if that's true, do NOT take my word on that. Anyway, democracy is a system of government where the citizens get to choose their legislation.

Oligarchy is what it's called when a country or an organization have total control of everything. So, for example, if you're stuck on a deserted island with 50 other people, but the 5 oldest have complete control of everything, making them a council of elders, then that would be an oligarchy. The leaders don't have to be old though, I just like councils of elders.

Helot is somone in ancient greece who is a little more than a slave, but no quite deemed a citizen. Helots made up a lot of the population in sparta territories.

And last but not least, and Ephor is a leader of the sparta in the ancient greece cities of heraclea and taras.

Explanation:

I really hope this helps!

the manhattan project's indispensable man

the years following the end of world war i were a period of deep social tensions, aggrevated by high wartime inflation. food prices more than doubled between 1915 and 1920; clothing costs more than tripled. a steel strike that began in chicago in 1919 became much more than a simple dispute between labor and management. the steel strike of 1919 became the focal point for profound social anxieties, especially fears of bolshevism.

organized labor had grown in strength during the course of the war. many unions won recognition and the 12-hour workday was abolished. an 8-hour days was instituted on war contract work and by 1919, half the country's workers had a 48-hour work week.

the war's end, however, was accompanied by labor turmoil, as labor demanded union recognition, shorter hours, and raises exceeding the inflation rate. over 4 million workers--one fifth of the nation's workforce--participated in strikes in 1919, including 365,000 steelworkers and 400,000 miners. the number of striking workers would not be matched until the depression year of 1937.

the year began with a general strike in seattle. police offers in boston went on strike, touching off several days of rioting and crime. but the most tumultuous strike took place in the steel industry. then some 350,000 steelworkers in 24 separate craft union went on strike as part of a drive by the american federation of labor to unionize the industry. from management's perspective, the steel strike represented the handiwork of radicals and professional labor agitators. the steel industry's leaders regarded the strike as a radical conspiracy to get the company to pay a 12-hour wage for eight hours' work. at a time when communists were seizing power in hungary and were staging a revolt in germany, and workers in italy were seizing factories, some industrialists feared that the steel strike was the first step toward overturning the industrial system.

the strike ended with the complete defeat of the unions. from labor's perspective, the corporations had triumphed through espionage, blacklists, and the denial of freedom of speech and assembly and through the complete unwillingness to recognize the right of collective bargaining with the workers' representatives.

during the 1920s, many of labor's gains during world war i and the progressive era were rolled back. membership in labor unions fell from 5 million to 3 million. the us supreme court outlawed picketing, overturned national child labor laws, and abolished minimum wage laws for women.