Based on the purpose of the letter, Selim's description of the followers of Shah Ismail I as a "heretical faction" can best be interpreted as a commentary of the Safavid Empire's

What triumphs did the late 19th century witness in the realms of industrial growth, urbanization, and technological innovation? what challenges did these developments pose for urban dwellers, workers, and recent immigrants? how did city officials and everyday citizens respond to these challenges?

What does engels mean when he writes "everything which here arouses horror and indignation is of recent origin, belongs to the industrial epoch"?

Who was the spanish soldier overthrew the azetec empire