The president and the Secretary of State negotiate an agreement with North Korea to end its designs on building a nuclear weapon. In exchange, the U. S. will commit $15 billion in humanitarian aid to the North Korean people suffering from mass starvation, and forgive up to $25 billion in loans by the North Korean government to U. S. banks. The president consulted Congress, but did not request a treaty. Identify and explain which formal Constitutional powers apply to this scenario.

What informal powers of the president apply? Explain.

What roles of the president apply? Explain.