How did people in the northeast, the south, and the west react to the tariff of 1816

powers  are  denied  to the  national governmentin three distinct ways: some  powers, such as the  power  to levy duties on exports or prohibit the freedom of religion, speech, press, or assembly, are expressly  denied  to the  national government  in the  constitution.

small european communities with shared traditions consolidated into large new states (apex)