How might cities have been affected by the building of the grand canal

i see, would you mind putting it as one?

though both had similar roots, they both took these similar bases & formed it into their own way. both the byzantine empire and ancient roman have similar aspects, but each one made it unique. both the byzantine empire and ancient romans had roman influences which affected their culture

d the foreign governments

therefore no one will be declared righteous in god's sight by the works of the law; rather, through the law we become conscious of our sin.   romans 3: 20