How was this method of determining truth an advancement from Medieval times?

In his speech how does kennedy build his claim that the united states will defend freedom in its hour of maximum emergency? a. by arguing that the u. s. must enforce international law across the world since the united states is the lone superpower in the worldb. by demonstrating that the poverty which many people suffer from is an obstacle to true freedom  c. by stating that the u. s. will play an active role in fighting groups that are opposed to freedom, and by supporting groups that are fighting for freedom  d. by demanding that the adversaries of the united states be more willing to negotiate, or else there will be war

"august 19th (1864)- how they quarreled and wrangled among themselves- alabama and mississippi, all were loud for joe johnston, save and except the long-haired, one-armed hero, who cried at the top of his voice: "oh! you all want to be kept in trenches and to go on retreating, eh? " "oh, if we had had a leader, such as stonewall (jackson), this war would have been over long ago! what we want is a leader! " shouted a (wounded man). they were awfully smashed-up, objects of misery, wounded, maimed, diseased. i was really upset, and came home ill. this kind of thing unnerves me quite." mary chestnut, a diary from dixie this entry from the diary of mary chestnut illustrates a) the lack of medical technology possessed by the confederacy. b) the military superiority of southern troops in the civil war. c) the effects of the emancipation proclamation on the southern economy and society. d) the loss of morale and confidence by the confederacy towards the end of the civil war.

What was the main point of helen hunt jackson's book, century of dishonor? a. it showed how unfairly american settlers were treated by the us government. b. it proved that american government was not responsive to the will of the people. c. it made the point that free land was no longer available to new settlers out west. d. it outlined the poor treatment of the native americans by the government.