Why did the Japanese mount a fanatical defense of the island of Okinawa?

Why did the Japanese mount a fanatical defense of the island of Okinawa? The Japanese troops on Okinawa knew that they were the last obstacle to an Allied invasion of the Japanese home islands. Many had pledged to fight to the death to prevent the island from falling and their homeland being invaded.

the protestant reformation's started in 1517, disturbing the religious and political order in europe´s catholic countries. the outcome was the european wars of religion prosecuted in europe in the 16th, 17th and part of the 18th century. nonetheless, uprisings, territorial disputes, and great power conflicts were also causes of the wars.  

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