How is the issue of housing discrimination still relevant in the present day?.

Paired testing, also known as auditing, is an effective and intuitive way to test whether and in what form discrimination exists. In a paired test, two people are assigned fictitious identities and qualifications that are comparable in all key respects. The identities differ only on the characteristic (for example, race or presence of a disability) being tested. Each tester of a pair then makes a similar request (information on available apartments, for example) and documents the interaction. With an appropriate sample of tests and statistical techniques, paired testing can single out discrimination.

Explanation:

For more than two decades, Urban has been a leader in paired-testing research, conducting national studies of rental and sales market discrimination and extending paired testing to measure lending discrimination, hiring discrimination, discrimination against homebuyers in minority neighborhoods seeking insurance quotes, and discrimination by mortgage lending institutions.

i believe the correct answer is option b. most eastern european nations joined nato.

though i could be wrong, option d. the eastern european nations were granted complete independence, would be another choice.

hope this ! : )