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Popular sovereignty: This is the idea that the source of all power, or authority, to govern is the people. This type of government is considered a democracy. It is synonymous with John Locke’s idea of “consent of the governed”.

Rule of law: n/a

Separation of powers: The US Constitution establishes the “separation of powers” meaning that power to govern is divided among the legislative, executive, and judiciary branches to ensure that no single branch can dominate the government. Each branch takes its power directly from the Constitution, not from another branch.

Checks and balances: The system of “checks and balances” gives each branch of the national government ways to check, or control, the other branches. This prevents too much power from falling into the hands of any one part of the government.

Federalism: The US Constitution divides the power to govern between the national and state governments. Disputes between the national and state governments are settled by the courts. The Supremacy Clause of Article VI of the US Constitution makes the Constitution, federal laws, and treaties superior to state laws.

Explanation:

These definitions were given to us in street law!

after the civil war, and with the termination of slavery, the south was faced with a big problem; what was supposed to happen and how they were supposed to deal with the freedom and the rights that black people and freed slaves had gained as a result of the north defeating the south and forcing the end of slavery. first, most, if not all, of the workforce of the south came from slaves and they did not have an option to replace the loss of said workforce. second, particularly in the south, people were convinced that black people were lesser, less intelligent, less capable and less smart than whites. this posed a huge problem for them. also, southerners were faced with another issue; freed slaves now had a say in how their lives would be lived and the right to politically choose the way they would be governed. people in the south did not want to accept this, none of this and this opposition and the conflicts that arose from it, not to mention the afereffects of the war, forced the congress of the time to enact and enforce the reconstruction plans that had been proposed by president andrew johnson.