19. Who led the defense of Tours in 732 CE and successfully held off the Muslim invasion? A. Charles Martel B. Charlemagne C. Otto the Great D. Richard the Lionhearted
20. The Middle Ages is the time period from
A. 500-1500 CE B. 1000-1500 CE
C. 800-1000 CE
D. 500-1200 CE

How did the catholic church change as a result of the council of trent? a. catholic printers were encouraged to publish translations of the bible in common languages b. members of the catholic clergy were required to avoid luxurious lifestyles c. catholics were told they could earn salvation through god’s grace alone d. european catholics were barred from initiating any conflict with protestants.

What do most climatologists see as a major cause of rising global temperatures? a. earth's closer proximity to the sun due to its gravitational pull b. greenhouse gases produced by burning fossil fuels c. rising ocean levels caused by melting polar ice sheets d. water pollution cause by industrial waste

Over the years, the colony of jamestown failed to establish peace with powhatan american indians. make itself a permanent colony. grow enough tobacco for export to europe. establish a representative government.