Settled communities originated in which time period

Sometime about 10,000 years ago, the earliest farmers put down their roots—literally and figuratively. Agriculture opened the door to (theoretically) stable food supplies, and it let hunter-gatherers build permanent dwellings that eventually morphed into complex societies in many parts of the world.

Explanation:

the answer is a. laws were enacted in the aftermath of the plot to make it harder to free slaves,increasing sectionalism