The British government established the Proclamation Line of 1763 mainly to

To prevent settlements west of the line to go into the Indian reserve.

in mcculloch v. maryland (1819) the supreme court ruled that congress had implied powers under the necessary and proper clause of article i, section 8 of the constitution to create the second bank of the united states and that the state of maryland lacked the power to tax the bank.

gibbons v. ogden, (1824), was a landmark decision in which the supreme court of the united states held that the power to regulate interstate commerce, granted to congress by the commerce clause of the united states constitution, encompassed the power to regulate navigation.

in the declaration of independence, thomas jefferson announced that every human being has “certain unalienable rights,” among which are those to “life, liberty, and the pursuit of " hope i