In debates leading up to the three-fifths compromise, southern states argued

Explanation:

In debates leading up to the Three-Fifths Compromise, southern states argued that: ... slaves should be counted among a state's population for the purpose of deciding the state's number of congressional representatives.

the conditions that made the byzantine empire vulnerable to attacks by the muslin turks were the sack of constantinople by western crusaders, the conquests of the sultanate of rum, presence of rival kingdoms and finally the set up of fiefdoms at the empire which were owned by the ghazis (turkish warriors).