3. What groups/individuals were at the root of the
movement to push for reforms?

The correct answer to this open question is the following.

Although there are no options attached, context, or further references, we can comment on the following.

Among groups/individuals who were at the root of the movement to push for reforms were the American workers, the members of the Suffrage Movement, and Muckracker Journalists,

We are talking about the Progressive Era in the United States after the period called the Gilded Age, which was characterized by corruption acts in US politics and the growth of monopolies.

The groups that were involved in this Progressive Era demanded changes after the consequences of industrialization, immigration, overpopulation, and corruption in the government.

1. ford: gerald ford´s presidency, from 1974 to 1977, faced high inflation, named it public enemy nº1, and created the win program (whip inflation now).

2. carter: president from 1977 to 1981, carter had controversial poitions over abortion, but yet, he enforce the roe vs wade decision, which had pro-choice content.

3. reagan. for his eloquency and powerful speeches in his mandates, from 1981 to 1989, reagan earned this nickname, “the great communicator” .

4. george h w bush: despite many presidents had important roles in managing and trying to end the cold war, it was in bush sr's mandate that the berlin wall was materially destroyed, and he was visited by gorbachev in the uspresident from 1989 to 1993.

5. clinton: defense of marriage act. clinton signed this controvesial act, which defined marriage and spouses in strict heterosexual perspective, that was later declard unconstitutional by the us supreme court.

6. george w bush: in the begining of his presidency, which lasted until 2009, bush jr faced the greatest terrorist attacks in us and probably the worlds history, in september, 11 of 2001.

7. obama: in attempts to cease a great economical crisis, barack obama signed the controversial recovery act in february 2009, which handled 780-billion dollars.