What is the role and importance of a political parties in our political system? Why does the United States have a two party system instead of a multiparty system, like most other advanced democracies?

What has been the impact of third parties and why have there been so few effective third parties in our history?

in 1897, pershing became a tactical officer at west point, and that's where he was given the nickname "black jack." pershing's first name is "john," for which "jack" is a nickname, and he was a white man who commanded black troops. hence "black jack".

abraham lincoln, according to anyone who was connected with agriculture, represented the worst of northern politicians. shortly after lincoln was elected, south carolina seceded from the union. they along with other southern states, retained their anger. in a way, it was their own fault: the democrats were split in the south. some wanted slavery to be extended in other states that were about to join the union and some didn't want it badly enough. lincoln had a solid backing from his party: the republicans were united in not wanting slavery to be expanded.

i think it was   tsar alexander ii

food chain i would say only because there is competition on getting food and survival