In cities such as new york, chicago, and cleveland, . a) black middle and upper classes emerged. b) blacks were often the victims of jim crow laws. c) most blacks worked as sharecroppers. d) blacks did no better than they had done in the south.

Why were presidents andrew jackson and martin van buren unwilling to annex texas? a. they did not want texas to be admitted to the union as a slave state. b. they feared that the annexation of texas as a slave state would lead to political problems within the union. c. they thought that texas was too large to be admitted to the union as one state. d. they did not believe in the idea of manifest destiny.