The closest modern-day equivalent of a joint stock company is Choose 1
A government agency, sponsored by tax revenue
A scientific non-profit, dedicated to spreading knowledge about the natural world
A corporation, with shares spread among many investors

A corporation, with shares spread among many investors

Explanation:

Join-stock companies are the antecessor to modern-day corporations. In fact, join-stock companies worked essentially the same way as a modern corporation.

Join-stock companies were born in a few European countries: Italy, the Netherlands, Britain and France. They were developed when financing needs became too high for a single or a few owners to finance. This is why stocks began to be sold to many individuals, who each held a fraction of ownership of the Join-stock company.

The two most famous Join-stock companies were the British East India Company, and the Dutch East India Company. These two companies were involved in very similar businesses: colonial adventures, trade, and even slavery.

dirty, contaminated water

contaminated food,

chlostrophobic living spaces,

mice infestation,

etc,

codfish influenced the yankee trade because they traded it with the americans and the americans traded livestock, molasses and stuff that they can make clothes out of (like wool, and leather). they also could make weapons to.