How is African civilization different from European civilization?

How does iraqs geographical location ( desert-like environment ) affect it's politcal relationships? i've been stuck on this and i'm giving a lot of points

What contribution did the pilgrims make to the development of american government

Why did the crew of the zong ship throw some captive africans overboard? a. there was not enough space in the ship. b. the captives’ deaths were covered by insurance. c. the ship did not have adequate food. d. the ship did not have sufficient crew to care for the sick captives. e. the african captives rebelled against the crew.