How did the incidents in Colfax, Memphis lead to the Reconstruction of Civil Rights amendments?

The racial violence used against the African American during these events raised the need to relook at the civil rights amendments.

Explanation:

The Colfax massacre refers to racial bloodshed in the American society in 1873 where a confrontation of a black militia and white extremist groups claimed the lives of around 150 blacks after they surrendered. Memphis Massacre is another example of the racial violence on the American soil in which the lives of 46 blacks and 2 white inhabitants of the region of Memphis was lost. These incidents raised concern over the safeguarding of the African Americans and the laws made for their protection.

the reform movements that arose during the antebellum period in america focused on specific issues: temperance, abolishing imprisonment for debt, pacifism, antislavery, abolishing capital punishment, amelioration of prison conditions (with prison's purpose reconceived as rehabilitation rather than punishment), the humane treatment of animals, the humane and just treatment of native americans, the establishment of public institutions for the care of the destitute, orphans, blind, and mentally ill, the establishment of public schools, the abolition of tobacco use, vegetarianism, health reform, homeopathic medicine, woman's rights (including, at first, especially the establishment of a woman's right to own property apart from her husband and her right to sue for divorce), and the amelioration of labor conditions (including higher pay, the right to form unions, the right to strike, and the demand for limits on the number of work hours, and safe working conditions).

explanation: