Why do economists go to the extremes and work in marginally for an answer, give an example.

The correct answer to this open question is the following.

Economists go to extremes and work marginally for an answer because economics is not an exact science. It is a social science and the scientific method can't be used to make predictions.  

Economics is based on the social behavior and decisions of human beings. So economists cannot make rational decisions because the market cannot be predicted. It depends on many factors. Economists are able to forecast, based on variables presented in the moment of the forecast. But these are never considered predictions.

For example, the stock market. It is based on the manipulation of markets or the economic situation of a company. Supply and demand is another factor. So economists are limited in their capacity to make solid statements.

in february 1787, congress decided that a convention should be convened to revise the articles of confederation, the nation’s first constitution. in may, 55 delegates came to philadelphia, and the constitutional convention began. debates erupted over representation in congress, over slavery, and over the new executive branch. the debates continued through four hot and muggy months. but eventually the delegates reached compromises, and on september 17, they produced the u.s. constitution, replacing the articles with the governing document that has functioned effectively for more than 200 years.

according to worldatlas.com, the u.s. has an 86% literacy rate.