Why did the Homestead Act require settlers to remain on the
land for five years in order for
ownership to be official?

Because the white settlers had to harvest the land for five years for so they could stay on the land forever. A homesteader had only to be the head of a household or at least 21 years of age to claim a 160 acre parcel of land. Settlers from all walks of life including newly arrived immigrants, farmers without land of their own from the East, single women and formerly enslaved people worked to meet the challenge of "proving up" and keeping this "free land". Each homesteader had to live on the land, build a home, make improvements and farm for 5 years before they were eligible to "prove up". A total filing fee of $18 was the only money required, but sacrifice and hard work exacted a different price from the hopeful settlers.

Explanation:

answer; i believe that the correct answer is (c) arctic tundra;

the word that best sums up the tone of the newspaper regarding the treaty of versailles is resentful.