"In the years between 1815 and 1848, two rival political programs appeared, reflecting rival sets of hopes. Some Americans felt largely satisfied with their society the way it was, slavery and all, especially with the autonomy it provided to so many individual white men and their local communities. They wanted their familiar America extended across space. Other Americans, however, were beguiled by the prospect of improvement to pursue economic diversification and social reform, even at the risk of compromising some precious personal and local independence. They envisioned qualitative, not just quantitative, progress for America." Explain this passage from Daniel Walker Howe in a more or less narrative style essay. What are these "rival political programs," what specifically did they want America to look like, and in what ways did they advocate for their respective visions? Furthermore, what is the difference between "qualitative" and "quantitative" progress and how do they differ? Finally, how does the Civil War, and it's lead up, figure in these conflicting visions?

The "rival political programs'' refers to the ideology which was followed by the Union and the West side of America.

Union wants the end of slavery and equality of all people while on the other hand, the West wanted the slavery in the society. Union side of America is right in their ideology that all people are equal but the West oppose it which leads to Civil war between these two sides.

The main difference between "qualitative" and "quantitative" progress is that qualitative progress focus on the quality and standard while on the other hand, quantitative progress focus on the number and quantity. Due to difference and ideology, Civil war occur in which the Union side was victorious and their ideology was implemented in the whole country.

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Explanation:

Prominent historians Daniel Walker Howe and Richard White developed Keynote presentations at Texas in 2014 on a topic about America in the 1860's and the controversial transformation of America, and its consequent transformation of Americans. Together, their presentations explored the political, technological, and social upheavals which influenced the country in the periods immediately preceding the civil war, during and after the civil war.

THE RIVAL POLITICAL PROGRAMS, THE WAY AMERICA LOOKS, AND ADVOCATION OF THEIR RESPECTIVE VISIONS

The decades leading up to the civil war witnessed many changes in the United States. In 1815, America may be referred to as a third- world country. Majority of its people then lived on isolated farmsteads and their lives revolved around the weather and hours of daylight. People grow their own food while many wives made their own clothing. The difficulty of communication, transportation, and manufacturing kept their lives primitive.

It was only people who live near navigable waterways that could easily market their crops and thereby get the money which would enable them to purchase the commodities which were not produced locally, which they could either engage in trade by barter with neighbors or local store keep.

By 1860, United states was no longer a third world company as it had become a major transcontinental power. Innovations in transportation, communication and manufacturing resulted in the change. Americans were now intergrated into the global economy. America also extended its territory, by stretching from sea to sea, thereby creating a transcontinental economy.

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE PROGRESS AND HOW THEY ARE DIFFERENT

Qualitative progress is a qualitative growth in economies, living organisms, and ecosystems and it can be sustainable when it involves a dynamic balance between the growth, decline, and stages of development in terms of maturing and learning. It is devoid of measurements and it is only mathematical.

The distinction is basically in the terms of measurement. The quantitative progress relies on measurement and provides data based on both mathematics and statistics (how much, how many, and how often ).

HOW THE CIVIL WAR AND ITS LEAD UP FIGURED IN CONFLICTING VISIONS

Since the founding of the United States, the North, and South have held different political views. In 1850 and 1860s, various disagreements led to political factors which led to civil war, which lasted from 1861 to 1865 between the southern and northern territories of the United States. The factors responsible for conflicting visions include:

• Federal power versus state power

• Slavery expansions in the territories

• Representation in congress

The north and south were not only different politically, their economics was also different. The factors that led to the civil war were

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answer: an oligarchy is a political system in which the government is run by a group of noble families, or the elite wealthy members of a society. a present day oligarchic government is iran.

explanation: