After independence, many African countries experienced political challenges such as

military coups and civil wars.
few skilled workers and drought.
poverty and disease.
limited manufacturing and debt.

"the plan of removing the aboriginal people who yet remain within the settled portions of the united states . . approaches its consummation. . an extensive region . . has been assigned for their permanent residence. it has been divided into districts and allotted among them. many have already removed and others are preparing to go. . " removal of southern indians to indian territory, 1835 this passage is most closely related to a) imperialism. b) the civil war. c) westward expansion. d) the french indian war.

What ideas, institution, and causes became the focal points of chinese and islamic resistance respectively to the west in the latter half of 19th century and the first decades of the 20th

Why did metternich think nationalism threatened the austrian empire?