Which of the following was an effect of deng xiaoping's leadership?
a. enforcement of a communist economic approach increased
b. the production and number of backyard furnaces increased
c. tensions between china and the united states increased
d. trade relations between china and other nations increased

Trade relations between China and other nations increased was an effect of Deng Xiaoping's leadership.

He was the leader of China from 1978 until he retired in 1989.

Explanation:

When national leader became the pre-eminent leader of China in Dec 1978, China was still in the chaos from the Cultural Revolution. The per capita annual financial gain was but US$100.

By the time he stepped down in 1992, many hundred million Chinese voters had been upraised out of economic condition, and China was quickly changing into stronger, richer and additional fashionable.

Deng Xiaoping didn't originate reform and gap that began below the leadership of Al Faran Guofeng when the death of communist in 1976. however, Deng provided the steady hand, the clear direction and therefore the political ability for China to succeed.

the articles of confederation only set up the continental congress at the federal level. there were no executive or judicial branches except within the states. the states were allowed to keep every right that was not specifically given to congress. the bonding of the states was through a 'firm league of friendship' that best served as a defense agreement against invasion. states were not allowed to use taxes as a way to discourage treaties, and states were extremely limited in their dealings with foreign nations.

not many historians today talk about the strengths of the articles of confederation, likely because of how unpopular the document quickly became. the articles did set the legislative body, congress, as the highest power in the nation because of the fear of monarchy. congress had the sole power to declare war, assign treaties, entertain foreign relations, and operate post offices. disputes between states and territorial issues were to be brought to congress. the document also stipulated that canada was allowed to enter the union if they desired.

there were more weaknesses than strengths under the articles of confederation. the lack of power given to the continental congress strangled the federal government. the articles gave congress the power to pass laws but no power to enforce those laws. if a state did not support a federal law, that state could simply ignore it. congress had no power to levy taxes or regulate trade. without a federal court system or executive leader, there would be no way to enforce these laws, either. amending the articles of confederation would also require a unanimous decision, which would be extremely difficult.