Determine whether each characteristics deceived romanticism or the enlightenment.
National identity Questioning of the
The importance A response to
An intellectual
Democratic principles

in mcculloch v. maryland (1819) the supreme court ruled that congress had implied powers under the necessary and proper clause of article i, section 8 of the constitution to create the second bank of the united states and that the state of maryland lacked the power to tax the bank.

gibbons v. ogden, (1824), was a landmark decision in which the supreme court of the united states held that the power to regulate interstate commerce, granted to congress by the commerce clause of the united states constitution, encompassed the power to regulate navigation.

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the answer is a or the 1st option:  

the heads of the inquisition felt it was offensive, unfocused, and blasphemous.

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