Which of the following does NOT characterize the cosmopolitan cities of the
Abbasid caliphate?
Had markets with both Eastern and Western products.
Shared a common Muslim heritage.
The ruling class were Muslims.
Allowed local culture to supplant Islamic culture,
Consisted of large, diverse populations,

The Abbasid Caliphate did not allow local culture to supplant Islamic culture.

Explanation:

In the 9th century, Baghdad, the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate, one of the largest cities in the world, had a population of over one million, was at its peak, housed an observatory and the best hospitals of the time, and was keen to translate Greek antiquities into Arabic.

The city was the richest in the world. The Abbasid era is considered to be the cultural golden age of Islam. It was a time of prosperity for the military and economic power, spiritual pride, and scientific and cultural values of Islamic civilization. The Caliphate included regional centers in the Islamic world such as Bukhara, Samarkand, Cairo, Alexandria and Cordoba, as well as several other major cities. The Islamic world at that time was the cultural peak of the world in both volume and content. A large part of Baghdad's urban population was more or less literate; the spread of literacy in the 8th century was favored by the art of papermaking in the Islamic world through China.  By the 12th century, the Islamic world had very advanced disciplines such as medicine, science, and mathematics.

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