In the 1800s America women could not vote because

The ability for individuals in American society to vote in elections increased for several different groups. This includes the ability of non land holding white citizens and African-American citizens who gained the right to vote with the 15th amendment. However, women were not allowed to vote based on their state constitutions. This all changed in 1920 when the 19th amendment to the US Constitution was passed. This law made it so that a person cannot be stopped from voting based on their gender.

Explanation: “It would mean a degeneration and a degradation of human fiber which would turn back the hands of time a thousand years,” Sedgwick said in 1914. “Hence it will probably never come, for mankind will not lightly abandon at the call of a few fanatics the hard-earned achievements of the ages.”

A mere five years after The New York Times published Sedgwick’s warning, Congress passed the Nineteenth Amendment, which legally granted American women the right to vote. Civilization didn’t come crashing down. But at the turn of the 20th century, many people listened to Sedgwick, a well-known professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

They believed him when he said—as other academics, doctors, and scientists did—that women shouldn’t vote because they were, quite literally, not made for it. According to the leading theory, mental exertion could jeopardize reproductive health. And if the science of the day asserted that women could become infertile if they did too much thinking, no man would want to send his daughter, sister, or wife to college or the office—and certainly not to the ballot box.

labor leaders and organizations had the power to demand it.

explanation:

workers got a five-day workweek because the bcea protects and respect the rights of the employees. labor leaders and other groups demanded it.

independent innovation during the abbasid caliphate