The lives of pioneers crossing the continent were ruled by the need for

good weather
wagons
water

abraham lincoln, according to anyone who was connected with agriculture, represented the worst of northern politicians. shortly after lincoln was elected, south carolina seceded from the union. they along with other southern states, retained their anger. in a way, it was their own fault: the democrats were split in the south. some wanted slavery to be extended in other states that were about to join the union and some didn't want it badly enough. lincoln had a solid backing from his party: the republicans were united in not wanting slavery to be expanded.

uncle sam would be tossing and turning in his grave : *)

c) troops march forward in close formation against newer, more accurate weapons