Which of these terms best describes the spirit that was influencing thought in the sixteenth century?

controversy
struggle
rebirth
invincibility

polisit can also mean a body of citizens. in modern historiography, polis is normally used to indicate the ancient greek city-states, like classical athens and its contemporaries, and thus is often translated as "city-state". the body of citizens came to be the most important meaning of the term polis in ancient greece.

i beleive a. is the only possible answer