PLEASE HELP - what are some of the racist policies of the past that civil rights leaders worked to overcome?

As segregation tightened and racial oppression escalated across the United States, some leaders of the African American community, often called the talented tenth, began to reject Booker T. Washington’s conciliatory approach. W. E. B. Du Bois and other black leaders channeled their activism by founding the Niagara Movement in 1905. Later, they joined white reformers in 1909 to form the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). Early in its fight for equality, the NAACP used the federal courts to challenge disenfranchisement and residential segregation. Job opportunities were the primary focus of the National Urban League, which was established in 1910.

Explanation:

the urdan working class

cultural achievements of the 1920's 2010  

1. cultural achievements and african american achievements in the 1920’s  

2. art and literature charles lindberg flew from ny to paris, france. became national hero; first transatlantic flight.  

3. greenwich village (new york) and the south side (chicago)  many artists, writers, and intellectuals flocked to these areas to share ideas  people lead bohemian, or artistic and unconventional, lifestyles