What was the decision of the landmark 1824 opinion of gibbons versus Ogden

Since the 1824 decision in Gibbons v. Ogden, the Court’s understanding of Congress’s power under the Commerce Clause has expanded tremendously. This evolution was particularly dramatic in the New Deal era, when the Court adopted a broader view of Congress’s interstate commerce powers and upheld many of President Roosevelt’s economic programs.

I hope that helped

b.   jim crow laws were enacted in northern states.

i would say b. or c.