The passage demonstrates which historical development of the early modern era

Nm-us history and geography

They all die dude, they are all gone.

This concept of fate became the new meaning of "ming." so the idea of "tian ming," the mandate of heaven, was first used by the kings of the  zhou dynasty,  who  justified their overthrow of the shang by saying that heaven had punished the shang for immorality and transferred its favor to the  zhou.