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New opportunities during the Industrial Revolution led to a rise in

Industrialization in the south

Immigration from the US

The middle class

New education opportunities

The industrial revolution opened up a large amount of employment opportunities. These opportunities were mainly for the male adults, although there was labor for children and women, though a very small amount. People from the countryside began to move to the city since that's where the majority of the jobs were kept.

if this is not exactly right im so sorry this is the best answer i can give you but i hope this helps.

a. theta waves. this is because the person is in a light sleep which means the brain waves would show these kind of waves.