The historian Bryan Ward-Perkins asks the following question:
“Was one urban civilization (that of Rome) transformed into another (that of late
medieval and modern Europe) by a process of death (followed by a rebirth later in the Middle Ages), or by a process of gradual transformation within a living organism.” How would you answer this question?

The succession of the Rome culture was a gradual transformation into the German tribes and not a sudden one.

Explanation:

The successor states of culture of the west or of the culture and civilization of Rome was taken over by the kingdoms and the states which were established by the German tribes.

This succession and this transformation was a gradual transformation and not a sudden change where the German tribes over threw the western culture and took over these states.

the catholic church withhold people's access to the bible during the middle ages.

people could go to church and listen to the teachings, but it was absolutely forbidden to own and/or read the books of both the old and new testaments. it was also prohibited to translate the books (which where originally in biblical hebrew) to any other language.

this was done so the church could remain in control of what their teachings were and to enhance their importance and power, while also being able to judge people's actions through information that was unavailable for the general public.

a molly pitcher

b martha washington

c betsy ross