5. Adolf Hitler takes over as a totalitarian, fascist dictator.

6. Benito Mussolini takes over as a totalitarian, fascist dictator.

7. Joseph Stalin takes over as a totalitarian, fascist dictator. He then collectivizes farming which kills millions who starve to death.

8. During the “ ___ ” Japanese troops moved into the capital city Nanjing and murdered more than 200,000 people to expand military power for Japan.

9. Germany’s leader takes over the Rhineland and the Sudetenland in hopes of bringing power back to Germany, in direct defiance of the Treaty of .

10. While this is happening, France and England are using a method called , granting concessions to a potential enemy in the hope that it will maintain peace.

11. What is one reason France and England used this method?
12. In the meantime, the United States was practicing a policy of , staying away from everything happening overseas.

13. Germany absorbs Austria and then Czechoslovakia into the German Reich, often referred to as the .

14. Britain and France see that Poland will be next and promise them protection from Germany.

15. Germany signs the with Russia promising to never attack each other, and secretly dividing up Poland between them.

16. September, 1939 Germany suddenly attacks Poland from multiple directions, known as or “lightening war.”

17. As Polish citizens are fleeing East toward Russia, they do not know that an attack is coming from that direction as well.

18. France and Britain declare war on .

19. In less than a month, Poland falls.

20. Germany, Italy, Japan, and others made up the Powers.

21. Britain, France, and others made up the .

22. The purpose of Germany making an agreement with Russia was so they would not have to fight a war on two fronts (or a war from both directions at the same time)

5. Nazi Germany

On January 30, 1933, Hitler became Chancellor. A year later, he joined the functions of chancellor, president of the Republic and commander-in-chief. In doing so, he assumed all power and became the leader of Germany. When he came to power, Hitler, among other things, abolished trade unions and replaced them with the German Workers' Front and banned all political parties except his own. Property, the media and all cultural events came under Nazi control, thus making the life of the common man dependent on his loyalty to the new government.

6. Fascist Italy

Benito Mussolini formed the Fascist Party in 1919 in the hope that Italy would reach the size and power of Ancient Rome. He also founded the Fascist Militia, which consisted of armed detachments and liquidation teams that terrorized political opponents and increased fascist influence. Fascists' hallmarks were black shirts. Italy was in chaos and Mussolini gradually destroyed all democratic institutions. He declared that he alone could restore order and in 1925 declared himself dictator.

7. Soviet Union

After Vladimir Lenin's death in 1924, Stalin also intended to take control of the Soviet Union. Initially, he removed many of the party from power and exiled to Europe and America, including Lav Trotsky, the man who was supposed to take Lenin's place. The paranoia was spreading, and Stalin was pursuing his own terror, arresting people in the middle of the night and staging trials that looked more like performances.

8. Second Sino-Japanese war

After the conquest of Manchuria, the Japanese decided to invade Shanghai. After the fall of Shanghai, hundreds of thousands of refugees headed west, according to Nanking. Chinese soldiers also retreated with them. It took the Japanese army a month to cross 280 km and reach Nanking. The massacre that happened showed the real face of Japan.

9. Adolf Hitler, Versailles

Although this happened,  the Munich Agreement of the Four Great Powers, Germany, Britain, France and Italy was  signed officially by Hitler, Chamberlain, Mussolini and Dahlade, contained eight points on the solution of the so-called judicial question, and essentially amounted to the death sentence handed down to Czechoslovakia.

10. Appeasement

During the 30s France and Britain were doing this, believing that Germany will stop spreading its power, especially after the Munich Agreement. Still, it wasn't enough, as Germany and Adolf Hitler was just preparing himself for great invasions on Poland and other countries.

11. They weren't prepared to enter the war against Germany.

When Chamberlain signed the Munich Agreement he believed that Hitler's needs are satisfied and that he will stop spreading his power. Even then Churchill said that this was a wrong move, because it will give Germany wings to continue its path. The war was inevitable, according to him.

12. isolationism

Although United States participated in WW1, after the war ended they decided to move themselves from the things that were happening then. Monroe's Doctrine established in 19th Century once more became a main point in United States foreign affairs.

13. Third Reich

The Third Reich is a frequent name for the fascist German state between 1933 and 1945. This is the period in which the chancellor of Germany was Adolf Hitler. Namely, it was the "third" German state, beginning in 1933, when the constitution and functioning of the entire state were changed.

15.Non Aggression Pact

The USSR concluded an agreement with Nazi Germany in 1939 after Western powers refused to sign a mutual aid agreement with them. Soviet Union provided peace to the country for the next year and a half and provided an opportunity to prepare his forces for resistance, as Soviet authorities realized that they could count only on their forces. Agreement was signed between Molotov and Ribbentrop.

16. blitzkrieg

Blitzkrieg is a popular term for operational military doctrine that envisages the use of mobile attacking forces using speed and surprise to prevent the enemy from establishing a coherent defense in a timely manner. Military doctrines based on blitzkrieg theory were developed after World War I as a method of avoiding positional trench fighting in future conflicts.

18. Nazi Germany.

Britain and France declared war on Germany on September 3, 1939, but did not send troops to Poland. France capitulated on June 22, 1940. Its northern part was put under German occupation, several ports in southern France were obtained by Italy and the remainder were controlled by the Vichy-based government, led by Marshal Petain, a German associate.

20. Axis

In September 1940, Germany, Italy and Japan signed a document on cooperation and mutual assistance - the Tripartite Pact. The Pact was soon joined by Hungary, Romania and Slovakia, and next year by Bulgaria. According to agreement, this countries divided their area of influence.

Explanation:

5. Adolf Hitler took over Germany as a totalitarian, fascist dictator and became the party leader of the National Socialist German Workers’ (Nazi) Party in 1921. Adolf Hitler joined a Bavarian regiment of the German army during WW1 and was considered a brave soldier but was said to lack the leadership skill by his commanders and was never promoted above the rank of corporal. He later joined a fledgling organization called the German Workers’ Party in 1919 and later became the energetic and captivating speaker of the party and acquired more followers by his speech and later became the leader of the party in 1921.

6. Benito Mussolini took over Italy as a totalitarian, fascist dictator. He was an Italian political leader who became the fascist dictator of Italy from 1925 to 1945. Benito Mussolini was a revolutionary socialist who forged the paramilitary fascist movement in 1919 and became Prime Minister in 1922.

7. Joseph Stalin was a Georgian revolutionist and Soviet politician who was the leader of the Soviet Union from the mid-1920s until 1953 as the general secretary of the Communist Party of the defunct Soviet Union and Premier of the defunct Soviet Union. He was the dictator of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) from 1929 to 1953.

8. During the Nanking Massacre, Japanese troops moved into the capital city Nanjing and murdered more than 200,000 people to expand military power for Japan.

9. Germany's leader and dictator Adolf Hitler took over the control of the Saar region, which was also taken away from Germany in the Treaty of Versailles to reduce the industrial capabilities of Germany. When Great Britain and France did nothing in reaction to this, Adolf Hitler was emboldened to reoccupy the Rhineland and reunify Germany.

10. While this was happening, France and England were using a method called "Appeasement" granting concessions to a potential enemy in the hope that it will maintain peace. Appeasement" is an international context, a diplomatic policy of making political or material concessions to an aggressive power to avoid conflict.

11. The reason why France and England used this method was based on the notion that what Adolf Hitler wanted was reasonable and when his reasonable demands had been satisfied, he would stop. France and England hope of reaching a point of saturation when the dictator would be willing to accede to international collaboration.

12. In the meantime when the United States was practicing a policy of Isolationism by staying away from everything happening overseas. So after the World War ended the United States decided to move away from everything that was happening then and the main thing in the United States foreign affairs was the doctrine of Monroe which was invented in the 19th Century.

13. Germany absorbed Austria and then Czechoslovakia into the German Reich often referred to as the "Anschluss".

14. It is not a question but a statement.

15. Germany signs the "Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact officially known as the Treaty of Non-Aggression" with Russia promising to never attack each other, and secretly dividing up Poland between them.

16. In September 1939 Germany suddenly attacked Poland from multiple directions known as "Blitzkrieg" or "lightening war". Blitzkrieg or lightening war is a sudden military attack way of fighting, usually combining ground forces with air support in a very fast motion. Blitzkrieg's use of attack was invented after WW I as a method of avoiding positional trench fighting in future conflicts with other countries.

17. It is not a question but a statement of fact.

18. France and Britain declared war on "Germany". Britain and France declared war on Germany on September 3rd, 1939 in response to Hitler's invasion of Poland, Britain, and France. Both allies of the overrun nation then declared war on Germany.

19. It is not a question but a statement of fact.

20. Germany, Italy, Japan, and others made up the "Major Axis Powers" and signed an agreement on cooperation and mutual assistance, "The Tripartite Pact" in September 1940. According to the agreement, these countries divided their area of influence and this agreement was later joined by some countries.

21. Britain, France and others made up the "Triple Entente" meaning "Friendship, Understanding, Agreement".

22. It is not a question but a statement of fact.

the conditions that made the byzantine empire vulnerable to attacks by the muslin turks were the sack of constantinople by western crusaders, the conquests of the sultanate of rum, presence of rival kingdoms and finally the set up of fiefdoms at the empire which were owned by the ghazis (turkish warriors).