A permanent feature of Egyptian civilization was: a. rulers who claimed to be divinities b. the construction c. the control of the foreign trade by the rulers d. all of the above

d. All of the above.

Explanation:

Egyptian acient rulers, the pharaohs were living gods, and were often considered descendants of some major deities. They controlled foreign trade in their kingdoms. Pharaohs ordered the construction of necessary public works , but they are above all remembered for the construction of pyramids for their burial and as a dwelling for the afterlife.

president thomas jefferson hoped that the embargo act of 1807 would the united states by demonstrating to britain and france their dependence on american goods, convincing them to respect american neutrality and stop impressing american seamen. instead, the act had a devastating effect on american trade.