Under the system of checks and balances, the courts have a power to ?
a. declare presidential actions unconstitutional
b. create lower federal court.
c. pass laws creating executive agencies.
d. all of the above

Under the system of checks and balances, the courts have a power to declare presidential actions unconstitutional. The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the first option or option "A". I hope that this answer has come to your help.