Although globally unimportant, the war of 1812—dubbed "the second war for american independence"—was vitally important to the united states for all of the following reasons except that

(a) inspired a new nationalism in the united states.
(b) yielded greater respect for america's military might from the rest of the world.
(c) increased naval presence to protect the great lakes.
(d) stimulated the development of american manufacturing.
(e) led to indian treaties that ceded large sections of the region north of the ohio river to the united states.